How does DNA encode the information for a protein?
~~> There's only DNA bases, but there's twenty amino acids that can be used for proteins. So, groups of nucleotides form a word (codon) that specifies which of the twenty amino acids goes in to the protein (a 3-base codon yields 64 feasible patterns (4*4*4), which is over to specify twenty amino acids. Because there's 64 feasible codons & only twenty amino acids, there is some repetition in the genetic code. Also, the order of codons in the gene specifies the order of amino acids in the protein. It may need anywhere from 100 to one,000 codons (300 to four,000 nucleotides) to specify a given protein. Each gene also has codons to designate the beginning (start codon) & finish (cease codon) of the gene.
~~> There's only DNA bases, but there's twenty amino acids that can be used for proteins. So, groups of nucleotides form a word (codon) that specifies which of the twenty amino acids goes in to the protein (a 3-base codon yields 64 feasible patterns (4*4*4), which is over to specify twenty amino acids. Because there's 64 feasible codons & only twenty amino acids, there is some repetition in the genetic code. Also, the order of codons in the gene specifies the order of amino acids in the protein. It may need anywhere from 100 to one,000 codons (300 to four,000 nucleotides) to specify a given protein. Each gene also has codons to designate the beginning (start codon) & finish (cease codon) of the gene.
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